Improvement



A. 1. MoRRlsoN.A Gar-ventilators. N0. 142,807. Patented September16,873.

UNITEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW J. MORRISON, OF TROY, ASSIGN OR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO THOMASW. O. MOORE, OF MOHAWK, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT iN CAR-VENTILATORS.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 142,807, datedSeptember 16, 1873; application filed i June 6, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW J. MORRISON, of the city of Troy, county ofRensselaer and State of New York, have invented a Railway- OarVentilator, of which the following is a specification The object of myinvention is, rst, to introduce a free circulation of pure cooling airthrough the car during summer travel without drawing in cinders with theair during the processa thing not eifectually accomplished by anyventilator now in use 5 second, to expel foul air from within the car.

The machine is fully illustrated in the accompanyin g drawings.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my railwaycar ventilator as seen fromthe inside of the car, the ventilator being closed.

A is a molding, attached by screws to the case B. O is the inside bottomof case B. D, D', and D are three rectangular win gs, made of metal,wood, paper, cotton, or rubber, and each rmly joined to the other at oneof their like edges, one of their longer edges being preferable, and atsuch inclination to each other that two of the angles formed thereby,Fig. 2, as D D and D D", shall be equal to each other, while theremaining angle, D D, is one-fifth larger than either of the others.These wings so attached to each other form a wheel, which, when theproper force is applied, will revolve about the line in which they arejoined together as an axis. The wings thus arranged are supported in thecase B, and made to revolve on their axis between two centers, the onein the top and the other in the bottom of the case. The center in theup! per part of the case is a socket, in which a point projecting fromthe axis plays, while the lower center is the point of an adjusting-screw, which plays, through the nut J fastened to the bottom G,into a socket in the lower end of the axis. By this screw the win gs areadjusted to their proper place, and rmly held in position for revolving.The center or socket L in the top of the case is made of a metal strip,which slides to its place in grooves, and is there secured by themolding A. E, E', and E are three keys or spring-bolts attached to theunder side ofthe bottom U. If the ventilator is in motion, thespring-bolt E, pushed in, will, through a slot in the bottom U, catchthe wing D at its lower edge, stop its revolving, and hold theventilator closed, no matter in which direction-to the right or to theleftthe car is proceeding. If the car is moving to the right, and it isdesired to modify the current of air coming'in, spring-bolt E', pushedin, will, through a slot in the bottom C, catch wing D at its loweredge, stop the revolutions of the wings, and maintain the ventilatorhalf open to the left. On the other hand, if the car is proceeding left,spring-bolt E, pushed in, will hold the ventilator half open in likemanner to the right. The lower edge of the Wing D is the only one of thethree win gs which will, at any time, catch on either of thespring-bolts. F and F are slots in the lower edges of Wings D and D, forpassing over spring-bolt E when that bolt is not in use, and also whenit is in use. Y

The form of that section of the case B from the axis of the wheel to theinside of the car is a parallelogram, its width double the Width ofeither wing, and height the length of the wings,whi1e that portion ofthe case from the axis of the Wheel to the outside of the car is alongitudinal section of a hollow cylinder, in which the wings are madeto revolve by the current of air produced by the car in motion. The topof this section of the case B is a halfcircle, projecting beyond theside of the car and covering the top of the wings, while the edges ofthesides and the bottom of the case are only flush with the side of thecar.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of Fig. 1 in the dotted lines X X.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the ventilator half open, in thedotted lines Y Y, Fig. l, with a view of the bottom C and a triangularslip,

M, fitted in the angle D D between those two wings, close to their loweredges, and sloping downward and outward, to act as a water-shed when theventilator is closed. In this ligure spring-bolt E' is representedshoved in, holding wing D. Bolt E is also represented shoved in, holding the ventilator closed,

in the dotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a View of the under side of the bottom C, showing theperforated head G of the adjusting-screw H and a portion of the droppegI for holding the screw stationary after being set.

Fig. 5 is an outside view of the lower edges of case B, the outer edgeof bottom C, the edge of the perforated head G of the adjustingscreW H,the point of the drop-peg I in place, the nut J fast to the bottom C,and the point of the adjusting-screw H, on which the Wings revolve.

Fig. 6 is the inside of the top of the case B, showing the metal slip Kwith the center or socket L. When the adj usting-screw is turned downand the molding A taken off, this metal slip and the bottom C, togetherwith the Win gs, can be removed from the case.

If desired, the spring-bolts E, E', and E may be substituted by keysoperating like the keys of a piano.

With the ventilator constructed as now described, and in position, ifthe car is proceeding to the right the Wings will be revolving to theleft, shedding cinders, While carrying in a' steady 110W of fresh airfrom the outside as, in their revolutions, they turn inward, and drawingimp ure air out as, in their revolutions, they turn outward. It' the caris proceeding to the left the Wings will bc, in like manner, revolvingto the right, and the same effect bc produced.

If, While the car is moving to the left, springbolt E is pushed in, themovements of the Wheel Would not be checked, because, iu its turning,Wing D would strike the out end of the bolt and drive it back to itsplace, E not being the right bolt to shove in when the Wheel isrevolving in that direction. The same Woul d be the case if the car wasproceeding to the right and bolt E Was pushed in, the construction ofthe ventilator being such as to govern itself in this respect, and notpermit a wron g use of the keys to stop its usefulness.

For those ventilators in the top of the car bolts E and E may bedispensed with.

I claim as my inventionl. The Wings D, D', and D, constructed, attached,adjusted to the case B, and operat ing substantially and for thepurposes as hereinbefore described.

2. The bottom C, with adjusting-screw and nut, drop-peg, andspring-bolts, as hereinbe fore described.

ANDREW J. MORRISON.

Witnesses:

.IULIUs SANnnRsoN, GEORGE T. BATTERsoN.

